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Thursday 8 June 2000
Children's Aid Society following their orders
Dave Brown
The Ottawa Citizen
When child protectors took a five-day-old baby from
his mother, who has cerebral palsy, they created
opportunities.
Their actions Friday showed beyond a doubt: there
has to be a better way.
There's opportunity here to defend the protectors.
They tend to become demonized in these cases. They are
simply following orders that are, in fact, legislation
that we, as a society, have made to protect children.
These orders, however, are the strongest and most
intrusive laws ever drawn by any civilization; with
special courts in which burden of proof or rules of
evidence are unnecessary.
Now, the protectors are told, don't ever allow
another child to be harmed, and God help you if you
fail.
At some point in this latest case, the protectors
were alerted to a possible problem. A decision had to
be made. Would this newborn be safe with a mother in a
wheelchair with limited hand and arm control? How could
promises of support from members of mother's church be
factored in? Would the unemployed but able-bodied
father be able to pick up the slack? What would be in
the best interests of the child?
If the protectors know more than has been revealed so
far, they can't say so. As the case develops, concerns
beyond the mother's disability may be put on the table.
The seemingly harsh action could be right.
Meanwhile, the safe play, as always, is to let a
court decide. So the baby was taken into care, a
euphemism for custody.
The moment that decision was made, lawyers became
involved. The paperwork started piling up, and it will
become known as the "trial record." Less and less
mention will be made of the child as the trial
progresses. Lawyers will say things like: "If your
honour will turn to the trial record, book two, tab 28,
section c, paragraph two ..."
During this, the court will order assessments of the
parents. Persons, who for court purposes are "expert
witnesses," will prepare reports. They are people who
claim, through credentials from schools of psychology or
psychiatry, to be able to predict human behaviour.
The judge will be under the same pressure as the
protectors. If he or she returns the child to the
parents and the child is hurt, accidentally or
otherwise, there will be public outrage.
The safe play? Base decisions on the reports of the
mind-readers.
In a way, that takes us back to where we were 300
years ago. Witch hunters were not bad people. They
believed in witches. They were trained by clergy in
methods of detecting them. The Salem judge who
condemned some 20 people to death wasn't a bad man. He
listened to the experts, thought to himself that this
was some kind of spooky science, but he wasn't going to
risk the lives of children because of his lack of
knowledge in that field.
One week ago, I sat in an Ottawa courtroom in a
different child protection case and watched a
psychiatrist go through eight hours of tough cross
examination by lawyer Wendy Rogers. The psychiatrist's
report recommends the children in question be made Crown
wards and be taken into state care. His recommendations
throughout his report are based on "observations."
He admitted those observations were, for the most
part, made by child protection workers and relayed to
him. He defended this type of secondhand observing with
a baffling statement. "Accuracy is not as important as
continuity."
That trial is stalled because Ms. Rogers wants to
cross-examine the apprehending caseworker, Dianna Payne,
who is on extended bereavement leave following the death
of her mother a few days into the trial. Meanwhile,
three sisters aged seven to 10 remain separated from
each other, uncertain and in custody, where they've been
for three years. The children's lawyer, Lynn Keller, is
on record as saying: "I represent three children who
want to go home."
Monday, I sat in another family court and listened
to lawyer Frank Armitage complain about the same
inability to get another apprehending caseworker into
the witness box. The social worker, Peggy Couture, is
on extended sick leave and although Mr. Armitage was on
the opening day of a five-week trial, he could not get
details of the illness, or a promise the witness would
be available before trial's end.
Children's Aid Society lawyers are now protecting
the best interests of their client. The client is the
CAS.
In the cerebral palsy case, we, as a society, make
stupid use of financial resources. We will spend half a
million dollars (a conservative estimate) grinding the
parents through court processes that will take years.
We will pay foster parents to care for the child, and
protection workers to monitor visits by the parents.
Should the foster parents become stressed, we will
provide respite care.
For a fraction of the cost, we could send help to
the home and keep a family together. But that's not
built into the protection system. There is no Parents'
Aid Society.
We should pay attention to a slogan favoured by
Hillary Clinton. "It takes a village to raise a child."
Here's an idea from a woman with three children in
diapers: Where does she sign up to volunteer to spend
one day a week for three years with the disabled mother?
If somebody will handle the co-ordination, she's sure
there would be more than enough volunteer moms to help
get this baby on his feet.
Such a co-ordinator would not be able to meet
screening standards set by our child-protection system.
Should the CAS do it? That's not part of the mandate.
Hawaii has reduced incidents of child abuse and
neglect by 99 per cent by putting moms into the
protection system. The program is called Healthy Start,
and is based on the fact the persons most likely to
first spot a child at risk will be the hospital staff
present at its birth. If they report a problem, the
system sends in not social workers, lawyers and shrinks,
but a proven mother who has raised good children. For
those most important first three years, she becomes
almost part of the family.
In Ontario, there are more than 50 child-protection
agencies, and each is autonomous. They are
"arm's-length" agencies, which means they have little
oversight and almost no accountability.
Regional Councillor Alex Munter has long been a
proponent of allowing Ontario's ombudsman to provide
that oversight. The province's recently appointed
ombudsman, former judge and police complaints
commissioner Clare Lewis, says he's open to the idea.
It would require only tinkering with existing
legislation.
Meanwhile, each individual agency is mandated to
enforce a set of laws called the Child and Family
Services Act. By definition, they are police
departments --without controls.
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